PRELIMINARY EXCERCISE 16

 

Preliminary Exercise 16: Introduction to Editing in Film

Score:           / 110  marks

 

Objective: Students will define and provide examples for the key concepts of editing in film and techniques.

·         Define and identify the concepts that film editors use to arrange the films that we watch.

·         Identify and analyze the different types of editing in film and key concepts associated with the art of editing.

·         Collaborate with their Cambridge teams in and out of the classroom using Word to share the document with each team member for transparency and efficiency. (Everyone MUST check each other's work. Do not receive a low score if your classmate does not complete an assignment. Work MUST be completed for high scores.

Section A:  Definitions and Examples

Score: ______/60 marks
Word	Meaning and how are they used by filmmakers.
Editing in Film	the art of connecting shots, scenes, and sequences to pull a movie's story together
Editor (n/a)	assemble footage of feature films, television shows, documentaries, and industrials into a seamless end product.
Shot	`n production, a shot is the moment that the camera starts rolling until the moment it stops.
Sequence	a series of scenes that form a distinct narrative unit, which is usually connected either by a unity of location or a unity of time.
Scene	a section of a motion picture in a single location and continuous time made up of a series of shots, which are each a set of contiguous frames from individual cameras from varying angles
Continuity Editing	uses a variety of classic film editing techniques to blend multiple camera shots — some taken at different times or even different locations — into a seamless, consistent narrative.
Discontinuity Editing	the filmmaker will deliberately use an arrangement of shots that seem out of place or confusing relative to a traditional narrative
spatial editing	when the relations between shots function to construct film space.
temporal editing	when the relations between shots function to control time
cut	an abrupt, but usually trivial film transition from one sequence to another.
establishing shot	typically wide or extreme wide shots of buildings or landscapes
180-degree rule	two characters (or more) in a scene should always have the same left/right relationship with each other.
insert shot	a shot of part of a scene as filmed from a different angle and/or focal length from the master shot
j cut	the viewer hears the audio for the upcoming scene before the picture changes.
l cut	a film editing transition that sees the audio from one scene or shot overlap onto the visuals from the next
post-production,	the stage after production when the filming is wrapped and the editing of the visual and audio materials begins.
visual effects	the process by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live-action shot in filmmaking and video production
CGI	Computer Generated Imagery, creates still or animated visual content with computer software
expansion of time	used to highlight an action and often increases tension in a scene
ellipsis	movement and action unnecessary to the telling of a story will often be removed by editing
slow motion	used widely in action films for dramatic effect, as well as the famous bullet-dodging effect, popularized by The Matrix.
Dissolve	a first image gradually dissolves or fades out and is replaced by another which fades in over it.
wipe	a type of film transition where one shot replaces another by travelling from one side of the frame to another or with a special shape.
Flashback	narrative technique of interrupting the chronological sequence of events to interject events of earlier occurrence
Flashforward	a scene that temporarily takes the narrative forward in time from the current point of the story
Kuleshov Effect	Rapid juxtaposition of shots to create a new meaning in viewer’s mind
Rough cut	the first edited version of a film, usually without sound, music, or titles.
long take	, a view of a scene that is shot from a considerable distance, so that people appear as indistinct shapes
short take	brief recordings of scenes
fade in	an opening shot or transition technique used in film editing to ease viewers into new imagery, rather than using a sudden cut from scene to scene.
fade out	a transition to and from a blank image.

 

Part B: Students will define each editing technique and identify 3 ways editors utilize the concepts when editing raw footage. To support your answer, provide examples from a variety film or tv shows by capturing the still images for each technique. See example below. Copy and paste the table below (8) times.

Score:           / 50  marks

 

shot/reverse shot                       eyeline match                          graphic match                       action match, jump cut                                    crosscutting                             parallel editing                     cutaway

 

 

 

 

Editing Technique
Definition shot/ reverse shot	film technique where one character is shown looking at another character, and then the other character is shown looking back at the first character
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
use an over-the-shoulder shot		vary your shot size
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique. -It's a way to help keep the viewers oriented.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Editing Technique Jump Cut
Definition an edit to a single, sequential shot that makes the action appear to leap forward in time
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
-for special effects -to show the passage of time
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique.
fast-forward the vibe of a video and get the viewer's heart rate up so they get excited and get a bit more involved

 

 

 

 

Editing Technique Eye line
Definition  where actors look while acting in a scene
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
- helps establish the viewer's frame of reference for the following shot. - used as a form of transition
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique.
help the audience understand what the character is looking at

 

 

 

 

Editing Technique crosscutting
Definition   technique of switching back and forth between scenes, often giving the impression that the action occurring in different locations is unfolding at the same moment.
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
-  capture both sides of a phone conversation - cross-cut between the two parties
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique.
bring viewers to the edges of their seats

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Editing Technique Graphic magic
Definition   happens when two shots are compositionally similar in terms of shapes, colors, and/or overall movement, either inside the same scene or, more specifically, during a scene transition.
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
- to illustrate the passage of time, as in a montage -connect similar shapes with the same frame composition
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique.
It's easy for the audience to watch because everything appears to be going well.

 

 

 

 

Editing Technique Parallel editing
Definition an editing technique where two or more different scenes are intercut in order to suggest simultaneity
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
- To intensify the action in a scene -To create context between two characters/scenes.
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique.
It builds suspense.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Editing Technique Action Match
Definition a type of film transition that cuts from one shot to a closer shot in order to emphasize an action
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
-Imply a sense of continuity between two scenes. -Show the passage of time.
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique.
It gives the audience events chronological order .

 

Editing Technique cutaway
Definition  A cutaway shot is a supplementary shot that “cuts away” from the main action to indicate something else in the space, such as an object or location
Describe (2) ways editors utilize this technique
-A close-up of what's cooking on the stove. -A close-up of the vegetables being sliced.
What effects does the technique have on the audience? Discuss genre, emotions, and messages communicated by each technique.
guide your audience and make your film more visually arresting